More Than Schooling : Understanding Gender Differences in the Labor Market When Measures of Skill Are Available
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Date
2018-09-19Author
Gunawardena, Dileni
King, Elizabeth M.
Valerio, Alexandria
Series
Policy Research Working Paper;WPS8588Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
This paper uses measures of cognitive and noncognitive skills in an expanded definition of human capital to examine how schooling and skills differ between men and women and how those differences relate to gender gaps in earnings across nine middle-income countries. The analysis finds that post-secondary schooling and cognitive skills are more important for women's earnings at the lower end and middle of the earnings distribution, and that men and women have positive returns to openness to new experiences and risk-taking behavior and negative returns to hostile attribution bias. Especially at the lower end of the earnings distribution, women are disadvantaged not so much by having lower human capital than men, but by institutional factors such as wage structures that reward women's human capital systematically less than men's.
Note
Description
87p. The study has been jointly sponsored by the New Venture Fund/Echidna Giving, Verité Research (Sri Lanka), the World Bank, and CUE-Brookings Institution. The study is a background paper for the World Development Report 2018 Learning to Realize Education’s Promise.
Citation
Gunewardena, Dileni N.; King, Elizabeth M.; Valerio, Alexandria. 2018. More Than Schooling : Understanding Gender Differences in the Labor Market When Measures of Skill Are Available (English). Policy Research working paper; no. WPS 8588. Washington, D.C. : World Bank Group. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/356091537360897955/More-Than-Schooling-Understanding-Gender-Differences-in-the-Labor-Market-When-Measures-of-Skill-Are-Available
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